[104] Since January 2016, the minimum wage in Croatia is 3,120 kuna before tax (c. 400 euro). Literacy in Croatia stands at 98.1%. [195], There are international airports in Dubrovnik, Osijek, Pula, Rijeka, Split, Zadar, and Zagreb. [182], The bulk of the tourist industry is concentrated along the Adriatic Sea coast. Its capital and largest city Zagreb, forms one of the country's primary subdivisions, along with twenty counties. The 1830s and 1840s saw romantic nationalism inspire the Croatian National Revival, a political and cultural campaign advocating the unity of all South Slavs in the empire. [38] The 1921 constitution defining the country as a unitary state and abolition of Croatian Parliament and historical administrative divisions effectively ended Croatian autonomy. [21] In accordance with its immigration policy, Croatia is also trying to entice emigrants to return.[22]. It has been a crossroads of influences from western culture and the east—ever since the schism between the Western Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire—and also from Mitteleuropa and Mediterranean culture. [92][93] The war effectively ended in August 1995 with a decisive victory by Croatia;[94] the event is commemorated each year on 5 August as Victory and Homeland Thanksgiving Day and the Day of Croatian Defenders. in 2013", "Slovenians Seem to Favor Arbitration in Border Dispute With Croatia", "Overview of Croatia's Border Disputes with BiH, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia, Liberland", "Bush Champions Expansive Mission for NATO", "Membership of the Republic of Croatia in the UN Security Council 2008–2009", "Karamarko: Granični nadzor prema EU ukidamo 2015", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, "Vojni rok u Hrvatskoj kraći, nego drugdje u Europi i NATO-u", "Broj pripadnika OSRH u mirovnim misijama UN-a", "Hrvatska šalje još vojnika u Afganistan", "Hrvatski izvoz oružja i opreme lani narastao na 650 milijuna kuna", "Rang lista 500 najvećih tvrtki Srednje Europe", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2018", "Republic of Croatia – Croatian Bureau of Statistics", "Europe :: Croatia – The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency", "ROBNA RAZMJENA REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE S INOZEMSTVOM U 2018.KONAČNI PODACI/FOREIGN TRADE IN GOODS OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, 2018 FINAL DATA", "Corruption Perceptions Index 2018 Executive Summary p. 12", "Croatia National Debt on Country Economy", "Prihodi u 2017. najbolje pokazuju napredak hrvatskog turizma", "Iako čini gotovo petinu BDP-a, i dalje niskoprofitabilna grana domaće privrede", 2013 Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Croatia, "Turistički prihod porast će prvi put nakon 2008", "The integration of the Republic of Croatia into the Pan-European transport corridor network", University of Rijeka, Faculty of Maritime Studies, "Odluka o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste", "Odluka o izmjenama i dopunama odluke o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste", "Traffic counting on the roadways of Croatia in 2009 – digest", Ministry of the Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia), https://web.archive.org/web/20160305092336/https://vlada.gov.hr/UserDocsImages//Sjednice/2016/5%20sjednica%20Vlade//5%20-%208.pdf, "Riječka luka –jadranski "prolaz" prema Europi", "Croatia, Slovenia's nuclear plant safe: Croatian president", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "Population in major towns and municipalities, 2018 census", "Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last two centuries", "MIGRACIJA STANOVNIŠTVA REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE U 2018./MIGRATION OF POPULATION OF REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, 2018", "Projekcija stanovništva Republike Hrvatske 2010. The Croatian Bureau of Statistics has performed this task since the 1990s. As a result of the war, the economic infrastructure sustained massive damage, particularly the revenue-rich tourism industry. There are 46 professional orchestras, ensembles, and choirs in the country, attracting an annual attendance of 317 thousand. [6] In 2014, the birth rate was 9.3 per mille, exceeded by the mortality rate of 12.0 per mille. Croatia is in the fourth (or fifth) stage of the demographic transition. Indigenous sorts of cultivated plants and breeds of domesticated animals are also numerous. [278] The beginning of more vigorous development of Croatian literature is marked by the Renaissance and Marko Marulić. ; Croatia population is equivalent to 0.05% of the total world population. [122] There are more than a thousand endemic species, especially in Velebit and Biokovo mountains, Adriatic islands and karst rivers. Coronavirus Population The city of Dubrovnik was founded by such survivors from Epidaurum. [228], Croatian is the official language of Croatia and became the 24th official language of the European Union upon its accession in 2013. [160], As of April 2011[update] the Croatian military had 120 members stationed in foreign countries as part of United Nations-led international peacekeeping forces, including 95 serving as part of the UNDOF in the Golan Heights. In the 20th century alone, there were several such events. Besides the United States, the main destination of the migrants was South America, especially Argentina, Chile, Bolivia and Peru. This includes Christians who celebrate Christmas on 7 January per the Julian calendar, Muslims on the days of Ramadan Bayram and Kurban Bayram, and Jews on the days of Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur. The demographic characteristics of the population of Croatia are known through censuses, normally conducted in ten-year intervals and analysed by various statistical bureaus since the 1850s. [6] In 2014 only 22 Croatians had been infected with HIV/AIDS and 4 had died from the disease. [135] The divisions changed over time to reflect losses of territory to Ottoman conquest and subsequent liberation of the same territory, changes of political status of Dalmatia, Dubrovnik, and Istria. [201] The largest river port is Vukovar, located on the Danube, representing the nation's outlet to the Pan-European transport corridor VII. In 2009, net total electrical power production in Croatia reached 12,725 GWh and Croatia imported 28.5% of its electric power energy needs. [287] In 2018, there were 147 radio stations and 27 TV stations in Croatia. It was reopened in 2002. [158], Following the 1991–95 war defence spending and CAF size have been in constant decline. [31] Eventually two dukedoms were formed—Duchy of Pannonia and Duchy of Croatia, ruled by Ljudevit and Borna, as attested by chronicles of Einhard starting in 818. [109], 2011 census recorded a total of 1,534,148 private households in Croatia as well as 1,487 other residential communities such as retirement homes, convents etc. After the collapse of Austria-Hungary, the Hungarian population declined, while the German-speaking population was forced or compelled to leave after World War II and similar fate was suffered by the Italian population. [300], There are two distinct wine-producing regions in Croatia. Numerical indicators", "Statistički pokazatelji o provedenim izborima za zastupnike u Sabor Socijalističke Republike Hrvatske – Prilog", Venetian Works of Defence between 15th and 17th centuries, Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Sovereign states and dependencies of Europe, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe, Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Croatia&oldid=988171471, Croatian-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Union for the Mediterranean, States and territories established in 1991, Articles containing Hungarian-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Articles containing Slovene-language text, Articles containing Ukrainian-language text, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Croatian-language text, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2005, Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2009, Articles containing potentially dated statements from December 2018, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Officially the Republic of China, participates as ", This page was last edited on 11 November 2020, at 15:15. 4.2% of the same population received an undergraduate degree, while 7.5% received an academic degree, and 0.5% received a postgraduate or a doctoral degree. The main religions of Croatia are Roman Catholic (86.28%), Eastern Orthodoxy (4.44%) and Islam (1.47%). The hilly northern parts of Hrvatsko Zagorje and the flat plains of Slavonia in the east which is part of the Pannonian Basin are traversed by major rivers such as Danube, Drava, Kupa, and Sava. The Croatian Bureau of Statisticsforecast that the population may even shrink to 3.1 million by 2051, depending on the actual birth rate and the level o… [78], Public schools allow religious education, in cooperation with religious communities that have agreements with the government, but attendance is not mandatory. The Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects are distinguished by their lexicon, phonology and syntax.[233]. [8] Primary education in Croatia starts at the age of six or seven and consists of eight grades. Chart and table of Croatia population from 1950 to 2020. [139] Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) division of Croatia is performed in several tiers. [87] By the end of 1991, a high-intensity conflict fought along a wide front reduced Croatia to control of only about two-thirds of its territory. [105], Number of employed persons recorded steady growth between 2000 and 2008 when it peaked, followed by 4% decline in 2009. Since 1991, Croatia's death rate has nearly continuously exceeded its birth rate. [17][18], In 2014, there were 39,566 live births in Croatia, comprising 20,374 male and 19,192 female children. Furthermore, there are 1,768 libraries in the country, containing 26.8 million volumes, and 19 state archives. [81] In the same year, the first multi-party elections were held in Croatia, with Franjo Tuđman's win raising nationalist tensions further. [225], In the Eurostat Eurobarometer Poll of 2010, 69% of the population of Croatia responded that "they believe there is a God". The coldest parts of the country are Lika and Gorski Kotar where snowy forested climate is found at elevations above 1,200 metres (3,900 feet). [223], Croatia has no official religion. But at ages over 64 the ratio is 0.64 males per 1 female. There are 37,000 known species in Croatia, but their actual number is estimated to be between 50,000 and 100,000. Conscientious objectors could instead opt for an eight-month civilian service. In 2014, the annual compulsory healthcare related expenditures reached 21.8 billion kuna (2.9 billion euro). According to a presidential decree issued in 2006 the CAF is set to employ 18,100 active duty military personnel, 3,000 civilians and 2,000 voluntary conscripts between the ages of 18 and 30 in peacetime. There were 8,468 immigrants to Croatia in 2009, more than half of them (57.5%) coming from Bosnia and Herzegovina, a sharp decline from the previous year's 14,541. In 2015, Croatia ranked 36th in the world in life expectancy with 74.7 years for men and 81.2 years for women, and it had a low infant mortality rate of 3 per 1,000 live births.
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